Rx Note

Introduction Compression stockings are special, snug-fitting socks used to help prevent swelling and improve blood flows in the legs. Compression stockings are recommended when you sit or stand for long periods without moving, such as during a long flight. They may also be used during pregnancy to reduce the risk of developing lower limb oedema, varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis. Types There are two main types: Anti-embolic stockings (often called "TED" or thromboembolic deterrent stockings) Primarily used to prevent blood clots, especially for bedridden patients recovering from surgery or fractures who have limited mobility. Exert consistent pressure throughout the stocking (e.g. 18 mm Hg). Available in knee-high and thigh-high lengths. Gradient pressure stockings Offer varying levels of compression, with the highest pressure at the ankle and gradually decreasing up the leg. Worn by people with lymphedema, vein disorders (e.g. chronic venous insufficiency, varicose v...

Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the development of a "thrombus" , principally containing fibrin and red blood cells, in the venous circulation. This most often occurs as a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the deep veins of the legs. If part of a thrombus breaks off and enters the right heart, it may become lodged in the pulmonary arterial circulation, causing pulmonary embolism (PE) . DVT is rarely fatal, but PE can result in death within minutes of symptom onset, before effective treatment can be given. Risk Factors Many risk factors fall into categories constituting what is known as Virchow’s triad: blood stasis, vascular injury and hypercoagulability . Clinical Presentation The symptoms of DVT or PE are nonspecific and objective tests are required to confirm or exclude the diagnosis. Patients with DVT frequently present with unilateral leg pain and swelling. Post thrombotic syndrome, a long-term complication of DVT caused by damage to the venous valves, may a...