Rx Note

Introduction Osteoarthritis is a chronic musculoskeletal condition that affects the joint and peri-articular structures . The changes of osteoarthritis can affect the whole joint, including the cartilage, bone, synovial lining and synovial fluid. The most commonly affected joints are those of the hands (particularly the distal interphalangeal joints and the first carpometacarpal joints), the cervical spine, the lumber spine and the knees and hips. Symptoms The major symptoms of osteoarthritis are pain, stiffness and swelling , which can lead to impaired mobility and physical function. Pain is generally worse in the late afternoon and early evening but can also be worse in the morning soon after waking up. Stiffness following inactivity or morning stiffness in osteoarthritis is usually of shorter duration than in rheumatoid arthritis . The joint swelling in osteoarthritis may be bony (hard) due to osteophyte formation and/or spongy (soft) due to effusion or synovial thickening. Soft-ti...

Introduction Migraine is a common primary headache disorder or unclear aetiology. It occurs more commonly in women than in men. It is recurrent in nature and classically presents as moderate-to-severe head pain lasting 4-72 hours . It is typically unilateral with a pulsating quality, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and/or phonophobia, and may be preceded by aura that consists of sensory, motor or language symptoms. Visual auras (accounts for ~90% of auras experienced) can take many forms, such as scotomas (blind spots), fortification spectra (zigzag lines) or flashing and flickering lights. Photophobia and phonophobia often mean that patients will seek out a dark quiet room to relieve their symptoms. NOTE: Headache is not a disease state or condition but rather a symptom, of which there are many causes. Potential Trigger Factors Triggers and strategies to reduce migraine attacks Stress Maintain regular sleep pattern. Perform regular exercise. Modify work environment...