Rx Note

Introduction Gingivitis refers to inflammation of the gingival tissue. It is most commonly caused by bacterial infection due to excess plaque buildup on the teeth. Importantly, the condition is entirely preventable with regular and correct toothbrushing . Aetiology After toothbrushing , teeth are soon coated with a mixture of saliva and gingival fluid, known as the pellicle. Oral bacteria and food particles adhere to this coating and begin to proliferate, forming plaque. Routine brushing removes plaque, however, if plaque is allowed to build up for 3 or 4 days, bacteria begin to undergo internal calcification, producing calcium phosphate, better known as tartar (or calculus). This adheres tightly to tooth surfaces and retains bacteria in situ. The bacteria release enzymes and toxins that invade the gingival mucosa, causing inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis). If the plaque is not removed, the inflammation spreads downwards, involving the periodontal ligament and associated tooth s...

Introduction Tooth brushing is the most commonly recommended oral hygiene behaviour . It is the primary mechanical means for removing dental plaque, thereby assisting in the prevention of oral diseases including gingivitis and dental caries. Duration and Frequency It is widely recommended that patients brush their teeth with a fluoride toothpaste for a duration of 2 minutes twice daily. Brushing for a period of 2 minutes achieves clinically significant plaque removal , removing more plaque than when teeth are brushed for only 1 minute. Patients should also be counselled to divide each brushing session into 30 second segments for each quadrant of the mouth. NOTE: Fluoride is anticariogenic, meaning it prevents tooth decay. Toothbrushing Technique Multiple toothbrushing techniques have been recommended by dental associations, toothpaste and toothbrush companies and in dental texts (e.g. Bass technique, Fones technique, Scrub technique), but studies have not reliably demonstrated one ...