Rx Note

Introduction In August 2018, I launched a self-initiated drug database project, called "RxLookup". My motivation stemmed from a lack of existing databases that met my daily workplace needs, combined with a desire for a more organized way to document my reading material. Furthermore, existing unofficial MOH Formulary mobile applications were infrequently updated and required users to pay a fee to remove advertisements. It wasn't until early March 2025 that the official MyFormulary app was launched by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. About the Project As a full-time pharmacist at a government hospital in Malaysia, I built this self-initiated database on the foundation of the Malaysia Ministry of Health Medicines Formulary (MOHMF) . In daily practice, we frequently consult the MOHMF for crucial details such as prescriber categories , approved indications and procurement methods. The formulary also comprises a vast selection of cost-effective, essential medications. Howev...

Introduction The four leading evidence-based clinical resources widely utilized by healthcare professionals are: UpToDate DynaMed BMJ Best Practice ClinicalKey NOTE: All four resources require a paid subscription, though institutional access is common. UpToDate Nearly 30 years ago, Dr. Burton "Bud" Rose sought a way to update his nephrology textbook, Clinical Physiology of Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders , more rapidly. When his publisher declined to digitize the book, he created the software himself, leading to the birth of UpToDate . Among point-of-care tools, UpToDate covers the broadest range of topics and incorporate Lexidrug monographs and interaction tools directly into its database. Although the content is comprehensive and highly detailed, its length can make it challenging to read through during time-sensitive situations. However, it now features UpToDate Expert AI , which delivers fast, evidence-based answers grounded in expert-authored medical content. In ...

Introduction Pharmacists play a vital role in providing accurate drug information to patients and other healthcare professionals. As technology advances, it is increasingly common for pharmacists to utilize several medical mobile applications for daily works. NOTE: All the hyperlinks below are for Android devices. Malaysia Localized Apps MyFormulary A progressive web app that provides drug information on the latest Ministry of Health Medicines Formulary (MOHMF) in Malaysia. Brand name search is not available. MIMS Malaysia MIMS Malaysia requires internet access. Antimicrobial QR Provides an interactive, offline search experience for both the Malaysian National Antimicrobial Guideline (NAG) and the Ministry of Health Medicines Formulary (MOHMF) . CPG Malaysia An app created to help medical professionals to obtain and read CPGs easily. MyUbat An offical app developed by Ministry of Health to help verify FarmaTag hologram and apply pharmacy value-added services at government health c...

Introduction Medscape is a comprehensive medical resource that provides up-to-date information on drugs, diseases and clinical procedures. Access is completely free and only requires a basic account registration. Launched on 22 May 1995, the platform has expanded to feature breaking medical news and Continuous Medication Education (CME). Mobile Application The Medscape mobile application was released for iOS in 2009, followed by an Android version in 2011. Users can also download its clinical database directly to their devices for reliable offline usage at the point of care. Medscape AI In November 2025, Medscape launched Medscape AI , a generateive AI clinical reference tool available for free to all Medscape members worldwide. The tool integrates Medscape’s proprietary clinical content, peer-reviewed literature, and real-time medical news to deliver timely, specialty-specific insights designed to support evidence-based decision-making. Keep in mind that Medscape’s primary datab...

Introduction Despite the shifting of pharmacy focus to pharmaceutical care, the practice of compounding pharmaceutical formulations remains an essential skill for pharmacists. Being a drug expert, we are expected to know them all. In the 1920s, hiring a hospital pharmacist in the United States was necessary for controlling the inventory and manufacturing alcohol-containing preparations, which were expensive to obtain commercially. Nowadays, it is recommended to use commercially available products whenever possible . If no suitable commercial product exists and no therapeutic alternative, then extemporaneous preparations should be made based on evidence-based references . When no stability information is available, pharmacist may dispense oral tablet or capsule and direct the caregiver to freshly prepare just prior to administration . Extemporaneous Formulation References There are many references available for extemporaneous formulation, including Australian Pharmaceutical Formulary ...

Introduction Often, the only moment we truly look back on our professional journey is when we are tasked with briefing fresh pharmacy students entering the market . While many of the hurdles we once faced have been forgotten , seeing this new batch of future pharmacists creates a strong urge to retabulate and share the lessons I have learned. Active Engagement and Lifelong Learning Learning is often a fleeting opportunity. I encourage you to absorb as much as possible during your student attachments and your time as a Provisional Registered Pharmacist (PRP) . Once you are practicing independently in a community pharmacy or government clinic, you must make clinical decisions on your own. As you grow in seniority, expectations rise. You will no longer have a senior pharmacist to "baby-step" you through tasks or constantly flood you with clinical insights. Therefore, seize every opportunity to learn now. A lack of enthusiasm today will put you at a significant disadvantage when ...

Introduction One of the key principles that we were taught in pharmacy school is "first, do no harm". If we are unable to help the patients, but at least we should not make it worse. Hence, apart from providing remedies for common symptoms, it is just as vital to recognise the instances that you should refer your customers (patients) to seek medical attention from clinicians. Few valuable community pharmacy references available on the market include Australian Pharmaceutical Formulary and Handbook, 2024 Community Pharmacy: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment, 2026 - Highly recommended Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-Care, 2020 MIMS Pharmacy Patient Counselling Guide, 2025 Minor Illness or Major Disease, 2016 Patient Assessment in Clinical Pharmacy, 2025 Symptoms in the Pharmacy, 2025 Australian Pharmaceutical Formulary and Handbook, 2024 Still vivid in my mind, in my first week of community pharmacy placement in university years, my preceptor ...

Introduction In 2018, the Ministry of Health Malaysia published the Good Compounding Practice as a guidance for compounding practices. Other relevant standards include PIC/S Guide to Good Practices for the Preparation of Medicinal Products in Healthcare Establishments, 2014 PIC/S Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products, 2023 USP General Chapter <795> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Nonsterile Preparations USP General Chapter <797> Pharmaceutical Compounding - Sterile Preparations The Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S) was established in 1995. It aims at harmonizing inspection procedures worldwide by developing common standards in the field of GMP and by providing training opportunities to inspectors. It also aims at facilitating co-operation and networking between competent authorities, regional and international organizations, thus increasing mutual confidence. Malaysia became the 26th member of PIC/S in January 2022. Compounding Compounding i...