Rx Note

Introduction Halitosis (also known as bad breath ) is mostly caused by sulphur-producing bacteria that normally live on the surface of the tongue and in the throat. About 2.4% of the adult population suffers from bad breath. Because of bad breath, other people may back away or turn their heads. This can cause a loss of confidence and self-esteem. Causes There are many possible causes. Eating certain foods e.g. onions, garlic and spices. Smoking Poor oral hygiene Dry mouth Medications Dental issues e.g. periodontitis, gingivitis , dental caries Other chronic conditions e.g. gastric reflux , diabetic ketoacidosis, liver cirrhosis, kidney failure Management The treatment will depend on the underlying cause. Avoiding dehydration and good oral hygiene are important. Tooth brushing twice a day for 2 minutes with a fluoride toothpaste Daily dental flossing to clean between teeth Regular mechanical tongue cleaning/scraping if coating is present Consider mouthwashes containing antiseptic ag...

Introduction Over the years, mercury containing thermometers or sphygmomanometers have been slowly replaced with electronic devices due to the potential hazard risks. However, if your facility still has these devices, you may have to know very well on this topic. When mercury is spilt from a broken sphygmomanometer or thermometer, it can break into multiple small droplets. An increase of total surface area and/or room temperature causes the mercury to volatilize at a faster rate. The spilt mercury may also get adhered to clothes and shoes; and get transported to another location. Proper/adequate ventilation in a room can dilute the mercury concentration in the air to a safe level. Mercury Spill Management If a mercury spill occurs, immediately: Inform clinic/ward supervisor and call for assistance. Isolate the area with red/white tags and signages . Turn off the fan and air conditioner (where applicable) and open the windows and doors for 24 hours (where applicable). Avoid walking on...